Like the great Sam Cooke, I don't claim to be an A-student. But here goes anyway...
How would you pronounce the A vowel in these words:
flares, gravy, mask, amazing, star, lash, air, hammer, bark, lake, slay, tail, ram, grate, cart
Where would they go on this diagram?
I'd put them into four groups, at least in standard British English:
mask, lash, hammer, ram
lake, amazing, tail, grate, gravy, slay
star cart bark
flares, air
And here's where I'd write them on the quadrant. (I won't fill each one in.)
I've been noticing more and more recently that my students seem to be under the impression that there is no correspondence between spelling and sound; that there are no rules for spelling in English. A new word comes up in class (say "slate") and when I ask my students to guess the pronunciation, it's hit-and-miss between /sleɪt/ and /slæt/, with the occasional /slaɪt/ thrown in.
I know from my brother in the UK that my 7 year old nephew is doing phonics, and I've had a look at his classbooks. So I've been trying to formulate what I "know" as a native speaker, and get students to notice the patterns more. And after looking at a collection of samples, the quadrant helps to scaffold a bit.
Now I know that this isn't the whole story of A, but it's a good start. In fact, even getting student to grasp the top half of that quadrant is a huge improvement on guesswork. Pronouncing 'flares' as /fleirz/ or 'bark' as /bærk/ is close enough for most circumstances. The r-effect can come later, IMHO.
Do you teach letter-sound relationships? If so, how? I know the spelling guru
Johanna Stirling touches on phonics, but I haven't found anything like this among her copious materials. If I've missed it, Johanna, please let me know!
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I ain't doin' no phonics in class. |
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Trivia Corner
Standard BE is not my native accent, I hasten to add, so I still feel a bit like a learner myself when it comes to this. In Scotland, most speakers have a central /a/ and an open front /e/ replacing /ei/, not to be confused with /ɛ/.
Also there is no big r-effect, maybe because it's just a separately articulated consonant, and not a kind of diacritic.
I think most Scots would say:
BAIT: [bet]
BET: [bɛt]
BAT: [bat]
BART: [bart]
BEARS: [berz]
Do you have a non-standard English accent? And do you teach your own pronunciation or a standard model. I'd love to know.
PS Sandy Millin has posted
here a wonderful set of UK accent samples. Don't miss!